This area focuses on the development and improvement of electronic, photonic, optoelectronic, spintronic and micro-electromechanical (MEMS) materials, devices and systems for a variety of applications. Electronic device examples include transistors for nano-CMOS, back-end-of-the-line silicon, power transistors and post-CMOS logic, memory, analog, and mixed-signal applications based on quantum mechanical tunneling and electron spin. Photonic devices include photodetectors, LEDs and lasers, including topological photonics, metamaterials, metasurfaces, and other novel nanophotonic structures, optical interconnects for short and long-range communication, displays and solar cells. There is research on acoustic, chemical and biological sensors, as well as quantum transport devices such as Josephson junctions. Material systems include unstrained and strained column IV and III-V semiconductors grown by molecular beam epitaxy or various types of chemical vapor deposition, organics and polymers, thin-film and novel 0D, 1D and 2D materials such as quantum dots, nanowires, graphene and other 2D layered materials such as transition metal dichalcogenides, as well as insulators such as high-dielectric-constant materials. Research in systems includes those for quantum information processing, optical systems for signal processing and very-high-speed communications, and electronic systems such as compute-in-memory and neuromorphic computing.